How Do Bone Fractures Happen?
Pets are naturally curious and active, which sometimes leads to unfortunate accidents. Bone fractures can occur due to falls, car accidents, rough play, or underlying health conditions like osteoporosis or tumors that weaken bones.
Signs Your Pet May Have a Fracture
If your pet has suffered trauma, look for these symptoms:
- Limping or refusal to put weight on a limb
- Swelling or bruising
- Visible bone deformity
- Whimpering, yowling, or signs of pain
- Loss of appetite or unusual lethargy
If you notice any of these, seek veterinary care immediately.
The Surgery: What to Expect
When Is Surgery Necessary?
Not all fractures require surgery. Some minor fractures heal with rest and immobilization. However, surgery is necessary when:
- The bone is completely broken and misaligned
- There are multiple fractures in one limb
- The injury affects a weight-bearing bone
- The fracture involves the joints
Types of Bone Fracture Surgeries
Depending on the severity of the fracture, your vet may recommend:
Internal Fixation
Using metal plates, screws, or rods to hold the bone in place. This method is ideal for fractures that require high stability. The metal components are surgically implanted to keep the bone aligned while it heals. Over time, your pet’s body will adapt to the hardware, and in most cases, they won’t need additional procedures to remove them unless complications arise.
External Fixation
Pins and external frames stabilize the bone from the outside. This method is useful for complex fractures or cases where surgery would be too invasive. The external frame holds the bone in place without opening up the fracture site too much, reducing the risk of infection. However, it requires regular maintenance, and your pet will need follow-ups to monitor healing and ensure the frame remains secure.
Amputation
In extreme cases where the limb cannot be saved, amputation is the only option. Though it may seem drastic, pets adapt remarkably well to life on three legs. They quickly learn how to balance and move comfortably with the right rehabilitation and care. Most pets lead happy and active lives even after losing a limb, proving their resilience and ability to adjust.
Each procedure aims to restore function and minimize pain for your pet.
The Recovery Process: Helping Your Pet Heal
Immediate Post-Surgery Care
Once your pet is home, here’s how you can support their recovery:
Pain Management
Your vet will prescribe pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medication. Be sure to monitor for any side effects, such as lethargy, loss of appetite, or digestive issues, and inform your vet if you notice anything unusual.
Rest and Restricted Movement
Avoid jumping, running, or rough play. Consider confining your pet to a comfortable, safe area where they won’t be tempted to be too active. You can use pet gates, crates, or designated recovery spaces with soft bedding to keep them relaxed and secure.
Wound Care
Keep the surgical site clean and dry to prevent infections. Regularly check for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or discharge, and follow your vet’s instructions on cleaning the area. Using an Elizabethan collar (cone) or a recovery suit can prevent your pet from licking or biting at the wound, which could slow down healing or introduce bacteria.
Follow-Up Visits
Regular vet checkups ensure healing is on track. Be sure to ask your vet any questions about recovery milestones and what signs indicate your pet is ready for more activity.
Nutrition for Faster Healing
A balanced diet rich in protein, vitamins, and minerals supports bone healing. Consider adding:
Calcium and Phosphorus
These are commonly found in dairy, fish, and leafy greens. These minerals are fundamental for bone structure and strength, aiding in the rebuilding of fractured bones.
Vitamin D
This is essential for calcium absorption. Sun exposure and vitamin D-enriched pet foods can help maintain optimal levels, but check with your vet before adding supplements.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
These healthy fats help reduce inflammation and support tissue repair. They are commonly found in fish oil, flaxseeds, and specially formulated pet foods. Omega-3s not only aid in reducing post-surgical swelling but also improve your pet’s overall immune function and joint health.
Long-Term Care and Preventing Future Injuries
Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation
Once your pet is cleared for movement, physical therapy can help them regain strength and mobility. This process is crucial for ensuring that their muscles remain strong and that they regain full use of the affected limb. It also helps to prevent long-term stiffness and discomfort that may result from prolonged immobility.
Techniques may include:
- Gentle stretching and range-of-motion exercises: These exercises improve flexibility and help maintain joint mobility, reducing the risk of stiffness. Your vet or a professional therapist may guide you on how to perform these movements at home safely.
- Hydrotherapy (water therapy): The buoyancy of water reduces stress on joints while allowing your pet to move freely. This therapy is particularly useful for pets recovering from major fractures, as it strengthens muscles without putting too much strain on healing bones.
- Laser therapy for pain relief: Laser treatments can reduce inflammation and accelerate healing by stimulating cellular repair. Many pets find this therapy soothing, as it helps alleviate pain and improves circulation in the affected area.
Home Adjustments for Comfort
To make things easier for your recovering pet, small adjustments around the home can go a long way in ensuring a smooth recovery. Since movement will be limited, creating a safe and supportive environment will help prevent further injury and promote healing.
- Provide soft bedding to relieve pressure on joints: A comfortable and cushioned bed can prevent sores and discomfort, especially for pets that need to rest for extended periods. Orthopedic pet beds can offer additional support and distribute weight evenly.
- Use ramps instead of stairs: Stairs can be difficult and even dangerous for a pet with a healing fracture. Ramps provide a gentle incline, making it easier for your pet to navigate areas like beds, couches, or entryways without putting excessive strain on their bones.
- Keep them indoors or in a controlled environment to prevent accidents: Limit their exposure to outdoor hazards, such as slippery floors, other animals, or rough terrain. Consider using baby gates to section off safe zones in your home where your pet can move freely without risk.
Preventing Future Fractures
Preventing future injuries is just as important as helping your pet heal. With a few proactive measures, you can minimize the risk of fractures and ensure their long-term well-being.
- Supervise outdoor activities, especially near roads or high places: Always keep a close eye on your pet when they are outdoors, especially in areas with potential hazards like steep drops, busy streets, or rough terrain. Consider using a harness or leash to maintain control in unfamiliar environments.
- Keep your pet at a healthy weight to reduce strain on bones: Excess weight puts additional pressure on bones and joints, increasing the risk of fractures and arthritis. A balanced diet and regular exercise tailored to your pet’s needs can help maintain a healthy weight.
- Provide joint supplements for aging pets: As pets age, their bones and joints become more fragile. Supplements containing glucosamine, chondroitin, and omega-3 fatty acids can support joint health and mobility, reducing the likelihood of fractures in senior pets.
When to Seek Veterinary Help
Even after recovery, monitor your pet for:
- Persistent limping or stiffness
- Swelling or redness near the surgical site
- Unwillingness to use the affected limb
- Behavioral changes that indicate pain
Early intervention ensures your pet remains comfortable and active.
Need Help? Contact Us
If your pets are in an emergency or if you have general inquiries, please do not hesitate to contact Veterinary Emergency Centre.
General Hotline: 2334-2334
24-Hour Emergency Hotline: 6828-6620
